Title:
POLITICAL DYNAMICS AND STATE-BUILDING IN SOMALIA

Authors:
Mr. Mohamed Hassan Dhoore, Mr Abdinasir Abdullahi Mohamed Biyo, Mr. Sharmarke Abdullahi Yusuf, Somalia

Abstract:
This article examines the political dynamics and state-building efforts in Somalia, a nation in the Horn of Africa facing decades of political instability and conflict. The historical background, including colonialism and the collapse of the state in 1991, has significantly influenced Somalia's governance challenges. Clan-based politics, security threats from extremist groups like AlShabaab, weak institutions, corruption, and socioeconomic disparities are significant obstacles to state-building. International actors like the United Nations and the African Union have supported state-building initiatives. However, challenges persist in establishing a solid central government, inclusive governance, and effective institutions. The study explores opportunities such as growing civil society, diaspora engagement, and regional cooperation, which can aid statebuilding efforts. The article emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses political divisions, fosters reconciliation, strengthens institutions, and promotes socioeconomic development. This article offers valuable insights to inform evidence-based strategies for sustainable peace, stability, and prosperity by analyzing the complexities of Somalia's political landscape and state-building endeavors.